{"id":62,"date":"2023-10-05T22:13:57","date_gmt":"2023-10-05T20:13:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/?page_id=62"},"modified":"2026-01-15T06:38:34","modified_gmt":"2026-01-15T05:38:34","slug":"qui-etait-il","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/en\/qui-etait-il\/","title":{"rendered":"Who was he ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"62\" class=\"elementor elementor-62\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-209de7da elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"209de7da\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f9ddabe\" data-id=\"4f9ddabe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-101fb7cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"101fb7cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Qui \u00e9tait-il ?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1d491744\" data-id=\"1d491744\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-32017d4 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"32017d4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-99a79af\" data-id=\"99a79af\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20b2431 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"20b2431\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Qui \u00e9tait-il ?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-67dbd5f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"67dbd5f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c08693b\" data-id=\"c08693b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eed1f98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eed1f98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">L'Homme<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0da1331 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0da1331\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ce patriote peu connu de <strong>l\u2019intelligentsia locale<\/strong>, des nouvelles g\u00e9n\u00e9rations de Gabonais et d\u2019Africains m\u00e9rite mieux, m\u00eame s\u2019il n\u2019a pas pu \u00e9merger et jouer le r\u00f4le qui aurait pu \u00eatre le sien sur la sc\u00e8ne politique du Gabon dans les ann\u00e9es qui ont suivi <strong>l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il convient cependant de signaler l\u2019ouvrage Histoire du Gabon \u2013 Des origines \u00e0 l\u2019aube du XXIe si\u00e8cle de l\u2019historien gabonais Nicolas Metegue N\u2019nah, dans lequel l\u2019auteur fait \u00e9tat de la volont\u00e9 de ce patriote de r\u00e9sister \u00e0 la domination coloniale, et qui, pour ce faire avait organis\u00e9 un mouvement politique \u00e0 Port-Gentil.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans le m\u00eame ordre d&rsquo;id\u00e9es et hors du Gabon, il a retenu l\u2019attention de Georges Balandier et Florence Bernault,\u00a0 <strong>sp\u00e9cialistes de l\u2019Afrique<\/strong>, qui ont exprim\u00e9 tour \u00e0 tour un point de vue critique sur sa <strong>vision du monde<\/strong> et ses <strong>id\u00e9es politiques<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Georges Balandier dans un article intitul\u00e9 \u00ab <strong>Contribution \u00e0 une sociologie de la d\u00e9pendance<\/strong> \u00bb, publi\u00e9 en 1952 dans les Cahiers internationaux de sociologie, \u00e9crivait \u00e0 propos de ce patriote : \u00ab <strong>Nous avons pu, dans un travail r\u00e9cent \u00e9labor\u00e9 \u00e0 partir d\u2019un document biographique, donner l\u2019analyse d\u2019une sorte de mythe exaltant la science, la fraternit\u00e9 spirituelle et l\u2019harmonie des \u00eatres sup\u00e9rieurs, par l\u2019\u00e9laboration duquel un jeune Gabonais tenta d\u2019\u00e9chapper \u00e0 une situation de d\u00e9pendance qui lui \u00e9tait insupportable \u00bb<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Beno\u00eet Ogoul\u2019Iquaqua, fils de Joseph Iquaqua et d\u2019Ad\u00e8le Egoni, est n\u00e9 le 9 f\u00e9vrier 1902 \u00e0 Port-Gentil dans la province de l\u2019Ogoou\u00e9-Maritime, dans une famille de dix enfants dont il \u00e9tait le deuxi\u00e8me.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il perd son p\u00e8re tr\u00e8s t\u00f4t. En 1915, il entre \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9cole Urbaine d\u2019Enseignement G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Libreville.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u2019est sous la direction de M. Henri Caillarec son ma\u00eetre, qu\u2019il se fait appr\u00e9cier par son ouverture d\u2019esprit, sa volont\u00e9 d\u2019apprendre et la vivacit\u00e9 de son intelligence.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cinq ans plus tard, il est laur\u00e9at du concours de fin d\u2019ann\u00e9e et obtient son dipl\u00f4me de fin d\u2019\u00e9tudes avec la rare mention <strong>Tr\u00e8s bien<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ce cycle termin\u00e9, il devait se rendre au S\u00e9n\u00e9gal pour \u00e9tudier la m\u00e9decine.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mais la mort de son p\u00e8re l\u2019amenant pr\u00e9cocement \u00e0 jouer le r\u00f4le de chef de famille, il d\u00e9cida de rester aupr\u00e8s de sa m\u00e8re, de ses fr\u00e8res et s\u0153urs dont il \u00e9tait devenu le principal soutien.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c28eb99 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c28eb99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Un insoumis<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e20aa81 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e20aa81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00c0 la disparition du <strong>Chef Sup\u00e9rieur des Orungu, R\u00e9b\u00e9la Ozwa, d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 le 31 d\u00e9cembre 1931<\/strong>, au village Nyolokw\u00e8, il se trouve devant un tournant crucial de sa vie. L\u2019administration coloniale ayant alors invit\u00e9 les Orungu \u00e0 se choisir un nouveau Chef Sup\u00e9rieur, Beno\u00eet Ogoul\u2019Iquaqua est propos\u00e9 et pl\u00e9biscit\u00e9 par les notables de sa communaut\u00e9 pour occuper ce poste.<\/p><p>\u00c0 peine \u00e9lu, le nouveau <strong>\u00ab Chef Sup\u00e9rieur \u00bb<\/strong> des Orungu pose devant le R\u00e9sident fran\u00e7ais de la circonscription, les grandes lignes des mesures qu\u2019il entend prendre pour faire face \u00e0 la d\u00e9cadence que connaissent le pays et le peuple orungu. C\u2019est <strong>\u00ab l\u2019Acte du 1\u1d49\u02b3 juillet 1932 \u00bb<\/strong> qui propose une nouvelle \u00e8re dans les rapports \u00e0 \u00e9tablir avec l\u2019occupant.<\/p><p>Voil\u00e0 donc qu\u2019en plein <strong>\u00ab essor \u00bb<\/strong> de la colonisation, un autochtone, un fils du pays, osa penser ouvertement au devenir de son peuple et proposer une ligne d\u2019action. Cela \u00e9tait \u00e9videmment contraire aux int\u00e9r\u00eats du colonisateur, et fut aussit\u00f4t consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme subversif.<\/p><p>La sanction fut imm\u00e9diate. Il fut condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 <strong>10 ans de prison<\/strong> puis d\u00e9port\u00e9 (c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire envoy\u00e9 de force) en Oubangui-Chari (actuelle Centrafrique) et d\u00e9tenu \u00e0 Bambari. L\u2019Oubangui-Chari \u00e9tait le lieu d\u2019exil et d\u2019enfermement des prisonniers politiques venant notamment du Gabon.<\/p><p>Beno\u00eet Ogoul\u2019Iquaqua y rencontra une autre figure de la r\u00e9sistance contre le r\u00e9gime colonial \u00e9rig\u00e9 au Gabon, L\u00e9on M\u2019ba. De cette rencontre na\u00eetront une amiti\u00e9 et un respect mutuel.<\/p><p><strong>Il fut lib\u00e9r\u00e9 en 1936<\/strong>, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la loi d\u2019amnistie du Gouvernement L\u00e9on Blum. <br \/><strong>De 1944 \u00e0 1949<\/strong>, il assura les fonctions de chef de canton (canton Orungu-Mer), d\u00e9muni de tout moyen pour mener \u00e0 bien les changements qui s\u2019imposaient. Devant l\u2019immobilisme de l\u2019Administration coloniale pour satisfaire les besoins des populations dont il avait la charge, il n\u2019h\u00e9sita pas le <strong>20 mai 1949<\/strong> \u00e0 pr\u00e9senter au gouverneur-chef du territoire du Gabon sa d\u00e9mission.<\/p><p><strong>Le 23 ao\u00fbt 1958<\/strong>, de Port-Gentil, il adresse un t\u00e9l\u00e9gramme au <strong>G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Gaulle lors de son passage \u00e0 Brazzaville<\/strong> pour le soutenir dans <strong>\u00ab la voie du changement, de l\u2019autod\u00e9termination des peuples colonis\u00e9s \u00bb.<\/strong><\/p><p>Apr\u00e8s le succ\u00e8s obtenu par le G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Gaulle au <strong>r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum de 1958 [28 septembre]<\/strong>, il lui envoie le <strong>6 octobre 1958<\/strong> un autre t\u00e9l\u00e9gramme pour le f\u00e9liciter, tout en esp\u00e9rant le <strong>\u00ab raffermissement de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise et l\u2019arr\u00eat de la guerre en Alg\u00e9rie \u00bb.<\/strong><\/p><p>Et lorsque la <strong>\u00ab\u00a0cause commune\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong> triomphe en 1960, L\u00e9on M\u2019ba acc\u00e8de \u00e0 la magistrature supr\u00eame, devenant ainsi le 1er Pr\u00e9sident du Gabon. Beno\u00eet Ogoul\u2019Iquaqua, quant \u00e0 lui, verra le \u00ab\u00a0cercle du pouvoir\u00a0\u00bb se fermer herm\u00e9tiquement devant ses pieds. Peut-\u00eatre n\u2019avait-il pas su faire all\u00e9geance \u00e0 l\u2019ancienne puissance coloniale ? Pourtant, il avait l\u2019ardent d\u00e9sir de contribuer \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9dification de son pays qu\u2019il aimait tant.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8b1b7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d8b1b7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La question de la spoliation coloniale (Terres ancestrales, Lieux sacr\u00e9s et Manne \np\u00e9troli\u00e8re). \n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77a5341 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"77a5341\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le <strong>15 d\u00e9cembre 1958<\/strong>, deux ans apr\u00e8s la d\u00e9couverte du p\u00e9trole \u00e0 Port-Gentil, il ne manqua pas d\u2019attirer l\u2019attention du G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Gaulle, Pr\u00e9sident du Conseil, sur un sujet sensible, celui de la r\u00e9partition \u00e9quitable des fruits de l\u2019exploitation de <strong>\u00ab l\u2019or noir \u00bb<\/strong> sorti de la terre de ses anc\u00eatres.<\/p><p>Avant cette requ\u00eate adress\u00e9e au G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Gaulle, un collectif de notables orungu dont il \u00e9tait membre, avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 formul\u00e9 en juillet 1957 des dol\u00e9ances sur la question du partage de la manne p\u00e9troli\u00e8re aupr\u00e8s du <strong>Haut-Commissaire de la R\u00e9publique, Gouverneur G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l\u2019Afrique \u00c9quatoriale Fran\u00e7aise.<\/strong> Mais celles-ci \u00e9taient rest\u00e9es lettre morte.<\/p><p>Au cours de l\u2019ann\u00e9e <strong>1960<\/strong>, il \u00e9crit \u00e0 M. Marquelet, directeur de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des P\u00e9troles d\u2019Afrique \u00c9quatoriale Fran\u00e7aise (SPAEF, qui deviendra Elf-Gabon puis Total-Gabon), pour rappeler le droit de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 du Gabonais en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral et de l\u2019Orungu en particulier sur les terres du Cap Lopez, Pointe Apomand\u00e9, Ossengatanga, Aloumb\u00e8, Gongou\u00e9 (Etazanima), M\u2019bilap\u00e9 et Yomb\u00e8\u2026<\/p><p>Il d\u00e9nonce \u00e9galement la profanation et la destruction des <strong>\u00ab Ambiros \u00bb (lieux saints)<\/strong> et places sacr\u00e9es (Pointe F\u00e9tiche, Gongou\u00e9\u2026) des Orungu occasionn\u00e9es par l\u2019exploration et les installations p\u00e9troli\u00e8res, et demande la r\u00e9paration du pr\u00e9judice caus\u00e9.<\/p><p>Au-del\u00e0 des humiliations, de la d\u00e9portation, de la privation de libert\u00e9, de la souffrance physique et psychologique, de la perte de dignit\u00e9, Ogoula Iquaqua Beno\u00eet s\u2019impose une autre mission. Celle d\u2019explorer, de reconstituer le pass\u00e9, la m\u00e9moire de son peuple, dont l\u2019histoire est rest\u00e9e \u00e9parse.<\/p><p>C\u2019est tout cela qui a fait germer en moi l\u2019id\u00e9e, puis le projet de faire conna\u00eetre et surtout, partager avec le plus large public possible son engagement, son action, ses \u00e9crits, et ses \u00ab archives \u00bb en entreprenant la mise en forme et la publication de ce livre. Devoir de m\u00e9moire oblige.<\/p><p>En 1971, admis \u00e0 faire valoir ses droits \u00e0 la retraite, il regagne Port-Gentil sa ville natale o\u00f9 il se met \u00e0 la disposition de sa famille, de ses amis et de ses compatriotes.<strong> Il y d\u00e9c\u00e8de le 3 mars 1980.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd33eab elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cd33eab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Couronne royale re\u00e7ue d'Espagne par\u00a0Ikinda<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c3ea73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8c3ea73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"284\" src=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/POG-KURON-IKINDA-thumbnail-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-864\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/POG-KURON-IKINDA-thumbnail-1.jpg 400w, https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/POG-KURON-IKINDA-thumbnail-1-300x213.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf17fea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bf17fea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Couronne du roi Ombango Rogomb\u00e9 dit Ikinda (r\u00e8gne 1840-1862, neuvi\u00e8me dans la dynastie des treize rois orungu). <strong>Ikinda signifie : le roi est un serviteur du peuple<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c89b7c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c89b7c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">sa famille<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-506900d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"506900d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"603\" height=\"453\" src=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Capture-decran-2023-11-19-073832.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-584\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Capture-decran-2023-11-19-073832.png 603w, https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Capture-decran-2023-11-19-073832-600x451.png 600w, https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Capture-decran-2023-11-19-073832-300x225.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 603px) 100vw, 603px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-773ad4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"773ad4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Enfants OIB, petite-fille, arri\u00e8re-petite-fille et 1\u02b3\u1d49 \u00e9pouse.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0cebdb9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0cebdb9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"539\" height=\"404\" src=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Capture-decran-2023-11-19-074209.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-585\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Capture-decran-2023-11-19-074209.png 539w, https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Capture-decran-2023-11-19-074209-300x225.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 539px) 100vw, 539px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25058fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"25058fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>OIB &amp; son \u00e9pouse, Mme Avaro Germaine, et famille Ayo (descendants Roi Rapotchombo). Cette famille a des racines reconnues chez les Oroungou \u00ab Aboulia \u00bb. En souvenir de l\u2019Affection r\u00e9ciproque de cette \u00e9poque.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98b61b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"98b61b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"750\" src=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-12-18-a-18.59.23_37d677af-1024x750.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-935\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-12-18-a-18.59.23_37d677af-1024x750.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-12-18-a-18.59.23_37d677af-600x439.jpg 600w, https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-12-18-a-18.59.23_37d677af-300x220.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-12-18-a-18.59.23_37d677af-768x562.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-12-18-a-18.59.23_37d677af-1536x1125.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-12-18-a-18.59.23_37d677af.jpg 1599w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c46a52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4c46a52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>OIB &amp; le patriache Igamba Paul<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-196b313 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"196b313\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">mot de consolation \u00e0 sa m\u00e8re<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4f4c24 elementor-hidden-mobile e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a4f4c24\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c33e3bc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c33e3bc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1082189 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1082189\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"267\" height=\"458\" src=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Capture-decran-2023-11-19-084403.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-590\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Capture-decran-2023-11-19-084403.png 267w, https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Capture-decran-2023-11-19-084403-175x300.png 175w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 267px) 100vw, 267px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-427955c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"427955c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3101b94 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3101b94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ch\u00e8re Maman, <br \/>Je t\u2019envoie une consolation et un espoir.<br \/>Aie confiance en l\u2019avenir et s\u00e8che tes larmes.<br \/>Je te jure par les M\u00e2nes de mon p\u00e8re et de tous mes a\u00efeux que <br \/>nous nous reverrons <br \/>A la terre o\u00f9 tu me donnas le jour.<br \/>Au revoir Maman.<br \/>Ikuakua <br \/>(Le texte figurant sur la photo adress\u00e9e \u00e0 sa m\u00e8re est reproduit in <br \/>extenso ci-dessus).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15614ad e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"15614ad\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-506d64a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"506d64a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"306\" height=\"407\" src=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-643\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.png 306w, https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre-226x300.png 226w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 306px) 100vw, 306px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0838ac7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0838ac7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>&#8211; Sa m\u00e8re, \u00c9goni Ad\u00e8le\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e1729b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1e1729b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"225\" height=\"321\" src=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-11-25-a-16.03.34_53641f13.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-822\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-11-25-a-16.03.34_53641f13.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-11-25-a-16.03.34_53641f13-210x300.jpg 210w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35a1751 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35a1751\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>&#8211; Son p\u00e8re, Iquaqua Joseph.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b01eee1 e-con-full elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b01eee1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dad7c12 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dad7c12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"267\" height=\"458\" src=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Capture-decran-2023-11-19-084403.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-590\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Capture-decran-2023-11-19-084403.png 267w, https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Capture-decran-2023-11-19-084403-175x300.png 175w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 267px) 100vw, 267px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-244667b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"244667b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ch\u00e8re Maman, <br \/>Je t\u2019envoie une consolation et un espoir.<br \/>Aie confiance en l\u2019avenir et s\u00e8che tes larmes.<br \/>Je te jure par les M\u00e2nes de mon p\u00e8re et de tous mes a\u00efeux que <br \/>nous nous reverrons <br \/>A la terre o\u00f9 tu me donnas le jour.<br \/>Au revoir Maman.<br \/>Ikuakua <br \/>(Le texte figurant sur la photo adress\u00e9e \u00e0 sa m\u00e8re est reproduit in <br \/>extenso ci-dessus).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a290af1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a290af1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"306\" height=\"407\" src=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-643\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre.png 306w, https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Design-sans-titre-226x300.png 226w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 306px) 100vw, 306px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ff1e52 elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ff1e52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>&#8211; Sa m\u00e8re, \u00c9goni Ad\u00e8le\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67175bf elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"67175bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"225\" height=\"321\" src=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-11-25-a-16.03.34_53641f13.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-822\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-11-25-a-16.03.34_53641f13.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-11-25-a-16.03.34_53641f13-210x300.jpg 210w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35a80cd elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35a80cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>&#8211; Son p\u00e8re, Iquaqua Joseph.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qui \u00e9tait-il ? Qui \u00e9tait-il ? L&rsquo;Homme Ce patriote peu connu de l\u2019intelligentsia locale, des nouvelles g\u00e9n\u00e9rations de Gabonais et d\u2019Africains m\u00e9rite mieux, m\u00eame s\u2019il n\u2019a pas pu \u00e9merger et jouer le r\u00f4le qui aurait pu \u00eatre le sien sur la sc\u00e8ne politique du Gabon dans les ann\u00e9es qui ont suivi l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance.\u00a0 Il convient cependant [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-62","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/62","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62"}],"version-history":[{"count":68,"href":"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/62\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2632,"href":"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/62\/revisions\/2632"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ogoulaiquaqua.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}